differences in economic activity of people at near-retirement age. Design/methodology/approach: The empirical study uses … indicate that pensionable age is a determinant of cross-country differences in employment rate in the near-retirement age group …, and less a factor differentiating average effective retirement age. It turns out that other factors matter, including …

Flexible work arrangements and retirement options provide one solution for the challenges of unemployment and … relationships between well-being and job satisfaction on the one hand and employment status and retirement, on the other, using …. There is no well-being premium for involuntary late-life work and self-employment compared to retirement, however. Our …

surprisingly modest when translated into the implied effect on average retirement ages: an increase in statutory pension ages by … one year is typically estimated to increase the average effective retirement age by only about two months. …

educational attainment. About 1 percentage point is attributable to changes in statutory retirement ages, although part of the … reason these effects are not larger is that in most countries, statutory retirement ages have not kept pace with life … retirement pathways through unemployment or disability schemes has been a major factor in the turnaround in the participation …