A sustainable and resilient economy is one that enables every individual to have full and equal access to what she/he needs to live a sufficient and flourishing life. Post-war welfare states went some way towards achieving such access, but they have been heavily undermined, both ideologically...

The mobile market has experienced a huge surge in growth across the globe. However, mobile network operators are still struggling to extend coverage to rural areas. Universal Service would appear to be an emerging concept; the reason for this is that Universal Service aims to support the telecom...

This paper examines the role of stakeholders on implementing the universal services policy in Vietnam (interval 2005-2010) in order to clarify their impact and their position on performing the policy. The stakeholder theory is employed to identify and categorize the stakeholders. The authors are...

This policy study on universal access to electric power (universal service) in China is based on research conducted by the China Electricity Regulatory Commission in 2006. China's policy on universal service has three facets: First, availability, that is, power service shall be available to all...

In many OECD countries, a primary longer term issue is how to provide universal service in the new competitive environment where voice is ubiquitous and cheap, voice revenues low and where voice has become just one of many applications provided on networks.