, we demonstrate how the rural women pool money and run a microfinance system to tide over temporary financial stringencies …

the poorest rural regions of the world (Uttar Pradesh, India). Methodologically, it shows how indicators from the direct …-strand programs can help to explain the paradox as to why nearly 100 million women (in India alone) have participated in self help … programs despite modest global research evidence for micro-finance impacts on nominal incomes. Second, results argue strongly …

-proxy status of sample respondents (males). Proposes four definitions of manpower. Based on a case study of India, shows research …

India, before turning to the potential for a more inductive and plural account. A more plural history of microfinance …This paper is concerned with the recent history of microfinance, both for itself and as a case study of the evolution … applauded the successes of microfinance in expanding financial market opportunities; and a political economy critique that …