between mothers’ LFP and daughters’ LFP and fertility choices. We show that even though grandmothers who participate in the … labor force. This can be explained by the increase in family income as a result of mothers’ LFP offsetting the influence of …

The share of single mothers is higher in East Germany than in West Germany. Using data from the Socio-Economic Panel …

-scale child care reform, which provided generous cash transfers to mothers who did not use formal child care facilities. Combining …-education women. This leads to lower reading scores among children, primarily as a result of mothers shifting away from formal care …

concerned with how mothers ́mental and physical health is affected by whether they place their child in formal day care or not … indicate that mothers are in a worse physical condition if their children attend formal care, whereas no such effect is found … with regard to mothers ́mental health. Overall, there is evidence that mothers placing their children in formal day care …