The European Union and 2nd pillar integration : the common foreign and security policy / Meltem Muftuler-Bac -- The European security and defence policy : capabilities and institutions / Gulnur Aybet -- The EU as an international actor : "civilian", "normative" or "military" power? / Yannis A....

The paper investigates the business cycle relationships between the EU-15, the EU-11, as well as the EU-core countries for the period 1971 to 1997. Emphasis is put on the question whether there is a synchronization in the national business cycles or not. Using One-way- and Two-way-Anova...

The forces of the market and systems competition bring about economic and social convergence in Europe. There is no need for social policies at the EU level. Social harmonisation would distort migration flows and slow down the speed of economic convergence. National welfare states will be...