Exchange Traded Funds (ETF) were established in Europe in 2000 and have grown to a size of over 200 bn US$. Some issuers use a full replication strategy while others prefer a swap based approach. The ETF are dealt parallelly in the primary and in the secondary market, as new ETFs can be created...

This paper investigates the managing strategies of a bank's liquidity reserve in the broader context of the role of asset-liability management according to the liquidity issues of a banking organisation. Several types of liquidity are presented and how these are interconnected and how they might...

We develop a metric to measure how far banks are away from regulatory compliance under Basel III. Basel III consists of multiple constraints. Our measure is a portfolio that simultanously covers all constraints and their interdependencies. We apply our measure to a sample of European banks and...