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In this survey chapter on pricing and reimbursement in U.S. pharmaceutical markets, we first provide background information on important federal legislation, institutional details regarding distribution channel logistics, definitions of alternative price measures, related historical...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014191301
We use the unique regulatory environment of the pharmaceutical industry to examine how potential competition affects generic drug pricing. Our identification strategy exploits a provision of the Hatch-Waxman Act that awards 180 days of marketing exclusivity to the first valid generic drug...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013116050
the basic fact that they sell the product. In this way, advertising lowers the expected search cost. We show that this … role of advertising can lead to a situation where advertised prices are higher than non-advertised prices in equilibrium. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011349181
Despite the empirical relevance of advertising strategies in concentrated markets, the economics literature is largely … silent on the effect of persuasive advertising strategies on pricing and market structure and increasing (or decreasing …) dominance. We propose a simple model of persuasive advertising and pricing with differentiated goods and analyze the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014198480
I consider an oligopoly model where, prior to price competition, firms invest in persuasive advertising and induce … advertising is introduced to homogeneous product markets, provides an alternative explanation for price dispersion phenomena …. Despite ex ante symmetry, the equilibrium profile of advertising outlays is asymmetric. It follows that endogenously …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013297778
The United States spends twice as much per person on pharmaceuticals as European countries, in large part because prices are much higher in the US. This fact has led policymakers to consider legislation for price controls. This paper assesses the effects of a US international reference pricing...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013210081
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014422619
In a two-firm model where each firm sells a high-quality and a low-quality version of a product, customers differ with respect to their brand preferences and their attitudes towards quality. We show that the standard result of quality-independent markups crucially depends on the assumption that...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010227304
In October 2002, a substitution reform was introduced in the Swedish pharmaceuticals market. In this paper, the effects of increased price competition due to the reform on the entry of new pharmaceutical products were studied. The results show that the reform did affect the entry behavior of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009240823
There is widespread evidence that some firms use false advertising to overstate the value of their products. Using a … advertising actively influences rational buyers. We analyze the effects of policy under different welfare objectives and establish … a set of demand and parameter conditions where policy optimally permits a positive level of false advertising. Further …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011448725