Spanish Abstract: Este documento presenta una aplicación de discriminación de segundo grado a las tarifas de propiedad industrial, en particular al sistema multi-clase, esto a propósito de la adhesión de Colombia al Protocolo de Madrid en 2011. La metodología consistió en la construcción...

Vertical agreements in general, and resale price maintenance (RPM) in particular, can be used both in a pro-competitive way by improving efficiencies and facilitating entry into new markets, and in an anticompetitive way by blocking new entrants, restoring monopoly profits, dampening competition...

The traditional payment system between an insurer and providers does not incentivize providers to limit their prices nor patients to choose less expensive providers, hence contributing to high insurer expenditures. Reference pricing has been proposed as a way to better align incentives and...

In this paper, we provide a suite of tools for empirical market design, including optimal nonlinear pricing in intensive-margin consumer demand, as well as a broad class of related adverse-selection models. Despite significant data limitations, we are able to derive informative bounds on demand...

This paper discusses whether Law 28300 of 2004, that required Peruvian firms to express their prices in Peru's currency in a context of high price dollarization, affected the exchange rate pass-through (ERPT). We hypothesize that the enactment of the Law introduced menu costs for firms that used...

The aim of the research is to assess the degree of the pricing-to-market (PTM) strategy used in selected European countries, focusing on selected groups of consumer goods. The study uses a literature review in the field of macroeconomics and international finance, as well as statistical and...

We investigate the effect of banning resale-below-cost offers. There are two retailers with heterogeneous bargaining positions in relation to a monopolistic manufacturer. Each retailer sells two goods: one procured from the monopolistic manufacturer and the other, from a competitive fringe. In...

This paper demonstrates that the standard conclusions regarding the comparison of Cournot and Bertrand competition are reversed in a vertically related market with upstream monopoly and trading via two-part tariffs. In such a market, downstream Cournot competition yields higher output, lower...

We study final product manufacturers’ incentives to introduce new products into the market and how they are affected by a merger among them. We show that when manufacturers distribute their products through multi-product retailers, a manufacturers merger, although it leads to an increase in...

A manufacturer contracting secretly with several downstream competitors faces an opportunism problem, preventing it from exerting its market power. In an infinitely repeated game, the opportunism problem can be relaxed. We show that the upstream firm's market power can be restored even further...