The past decade has witnessed significant movements to push manufacturing back to developed countries. Such movements call for raising import tariffs and increasing consumers' valuation on products made from locally sourced components. These factors are believed to motivate local sourcing for...

Global sourcing is popular due to its ability to provide high-quality products from a global pool of suppliers. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a high risk of delivery delays. Once such delay occurs, the overseas supplier and the buyer usually execute the purchasing contract at a...

In this paper, we study the impact of demand uncertainty on the build-operate-transfer (BOT) contract design by optimizing a bi-objective problem via three critical decisions: toll, capacity and concession period. We derive the optimums and identify the public and private sector's economic...