Two regression methods can be interpreted as based on Gini's Mean Difference (GMD). One, the semi-parametric approach, relies on a weighted average of slopes defined between adjacent observations and the other, the minimization approach, is based on minimization of the GMD of the errors. The...

We address how independent variables of inherently different sizes across units, e.g., small vs. large industries, in panel regression is an advantage interpretively. Analyzing a Norwegian industry panel, we find that wage inequality is a function of industry size, particularly size increase, in...

We show how tax kinks can be used to estimate the marginal propensity to consume (MPC). Tax kinks create discrete changes in the relationship between taxable income and disposable income, which – under a set of testable assumptions – enables causal identification of the spending response to...