This paper aims to show that the accuracy of real estate portfolio valuations and of real estate risk management can be improved through the simultaneous use of Monte Carlo simulations and options theory. Our method considers the options embedded in Continental European lease contracts drawn up...

Firms must estimate expected credit losses (EL) to comply with accounting standards and unexpected credit losses (UL) to determine regulatory credit risk capital. Both rely on estimates of obligor probabilities of default (PD). Investors also pay close attention to credit ratings-derived from...

This paper examines the effect of economic policy uncertainty on the performance of the real estate sector proxied by Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) returns in the United States. Using monthly REIT index data and the monthly changes in a newly constructed index of economic policy...

This article aims to investigate the similarity of public and private real estate returns and risks over the relatively long horizon using data for the U.S and the U.K. The results show evidence of a one-to-one relationship between publicly traded REIT performance and privately traded direct...

The recent international credit crisis has highlighted the significant exposure that banks and insurers, especially mono-line credit insurers, have to residential house price risk. This paper provides an assessment of risk models for residential property for applications in banking and insurance...

Reverse mortgages provide an alternative source of funding for retirement income and health care costs. The two main risks that reverse mortgage providers face are house price risk and longevity risk. Recent real estate literature has shown that the idiosyncratic component of house price risk is...

In this paper we investigate the portfolio implications of liquidity costs and uncertainty aversion across asset classes. In many cases, financial securities such as equities trade in active markets in which equity owners can liquidate their holdings quickly and with little price concession. In...

Private real estate markets have experienced signi ficant in inflows of institutional capital over the last couple of decades. In this paper we seek to understand what are the implications of this recent development. Employing a generalized Hamiltonian Monte Carlo Bayesian procedure we find...

This study addresses real estate's riskiness from a distributional viewpoint. Several studies have found real estate returns to be best modeled with stable paretian distributions. Using NCREIF individual property returns this is confirmed, but the first application of stable distributions to...

We explore a new investment dimension relating hedge fund exposure to the real estate market. Using fund level data from 1994 to 2012 from a major hedge fund data vendor, we identify 1,321 hedge funds as having significant exposure to direct or securitized real estate. We test for the economic...