The billionaire borrowers: private equity and leverage buyouts -- From "gaga" to google : the shepherds of business from infancy to infamous : venture capital and entrepreneurship -- The billion dollar brokers of investment banking -- The million dollar analysis of management consulting --...

We study the relative effect of venture capital and bank finance on large manufacturing firms in local U.S. markets. Theory predicts that with venture capital, the firm size distribution should become more stretched-out to the right, but it’s ambiguous on the effect of banks on large firms....