teacher characteristics on students' science achievement. My identification strategy exploits the feature that in many …. The availability of students' test scores as well as teachers' questionnaires for each of these domains allows me to … of teacher specialization in the specific science domain on students' results, equivalent to 1.7% of a standard deviation …

to three times larger among fourth and fifth graders in North Carolina than among kindergarten and first-grade students … both low-income students and English language learners, particularly for reading achievement. Also, in North Carolina …

significantly improves students’ reading achievement. Lower-performing student groups – boys, students born abroad, and students …

estimates, while causal, may also reflect peer effects due to differences in peer quality of non-randomized students. We exploit … universal random assignment of students to high schools in certain areas of South Korea to provide estimates of school effects …

they also reflect teachers' ratings of pupils. Grades therefore contain valuable information about pupils' own - usually … effort that pupils invest in education. Getting discounted grades in year 6 for a given level of math performance assessed …

and their classrooms on students’ short-term academic success, and more importantly, on later-life outcomes. We use …