Effective competition in the Southern and East African regions requires independent rivals competing across borders and within domestic markets through innovation and effort, investment, product quality, and prices. To understand the constraints to more dynamic rivalry between firms within the...

One of the most outstanding features of the trend toward globalization has been the increased importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) flows around the world. This study estimates the determinant of FDI flows using the gravity equation, controlling for the importance of both the traditional...