Using car dealership data, we examine the relevance of forward-looking (FL) and contemporaneous (CO) measures for pay-for-performance incentives (bonus, annual raise, promotions) for long-horizon employees. Economic models suggest that while contracts with FL performance measures mitigates the...

To contribute to the literature examining the influence of ownership structure and firm innovation performance, our study examines how institutional ownership and family ownership influences innovation performance of a firm, as measured by both the quantity and quality of the innovation outputs...

Understanding an organization's incentive design requires that researchers collectively examine all forms of incentive instruments, namely, bonus, merit raise, and promotion, since these are common components of an incentive structure. Prior research on the weighting of performance measures...