The pandemic has brought about unprecedented changes in the economic and social lives of people, the long-lasting impacts of which are yet to be unravelled fully. After a pandemic, associations can become less material, and young people prioritize meaningful experiences over material products....

During the COVID-19 pandemic, some goods suddenly became scarce due to panic purchases and stockpiling. The decision to hoard is influenced by higher-order beliefs. If an agent believes that other agents think that a good will become scarce, she concludes that these other agents will hoard, and...