To improve the forecasting accuracies, researchers have long been using various combination techniques. In particular, the use of dissimilar methods for forecasting time series data is expected to provide superior results. Although numerous combination techniques have been proposed until date,...

After 2010, the consumer price index fell to a low level in the EU. In the euro area, it remained low between 2010 and 2020. The European Central Bank has even had to take action against the emergence of deflation. The situation changed significantly in 2021. Inflation jumped to levels not seen...