We study the effect of exposure to immigrants on the educational outcomes of US-born students, using a unique dataset … selection of US-born students, especially among White and comparatively affluent students, in response to the presence of … immigrant students in the school. We propose a new identification strategy to partial out the unobserved non-random selection …

The increased popularity of college Grade Forgiveness policies, which allow students to retake classes and substitute … first to ask whether such policies benefit students and how. To answer these questions, we use student-level admissions and … Grade Forgiveness significantly incentivizes students, especially students with the strongest academic preparation, to take …