The low-cost green car (LCGC) is becoming one of interesting research topics in the automobile industry along with its unique characteristics of a vehicle product, tax incentives, and industry growth. The characteristics of this green product and its economic value are ultimately shifting...

In times of increasing oil prices and a weak dollar, European companies that focus their business on the US market may find themselves in a weak position. While many businesses can hedge this kind of risk by relocating production to the US, or employing financial remedies, these strategies may...

Data brokers collect, manage, and sell customer data. We propose a simple model, in which data brokers sell data to downstream firms. We characterise the optimal strategy of data brokers and highlight the role played by the data structure for co-opetition. If data are “sub-additive”, with...

Data brokers share consumer data with rivals and, at the same time, compete with them for selling. We propose a “co-opetition” game of data brokers and characterise their optimal strategies. When data are “sub-additive” with the merged value net of the merging cost being lower than the...

On 2 April 2009 the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released warning letters to 14 major pharmaceutical companies about search engine advertising, effectively curtailing an aspect of internet marketing by pharmaceutical industry. These warning letters were posted to the public on 3 April...