The increased importance of environmental protection led to the introduction of sustainability-related criteria in standard-setting practices. A discomfort with the functioning, working methods and certain rigidities of the global standardizing bodies such as the ISO led to a mushrooming of a...

Industrialised countries are often required to make unpopular policy choices in order to efficiently tackle climate change. On the one hand, domestic industries might consider national climate measures as an excessive burden that may damage their competitiveness. On the other hand, the public...

This paper asks how countries can implement their commitments to limit the increase in the global average temperature under the recent Paris Agreement on Climate Change for agriculture. An initial examination of the relevant trade rules and case law indicates that they appear unable to legally...

Essent, Joined Cases C-204/12 to C-208/12, in conjunction with Case C-573/12 Ålands Vindkraft, completes the promotion of climate change governance as a super trump in the application of European Union trade law. The cycle arguably started with Outokompu Oy, followed by PreussenElektra. In...

This study considers intellectual property rules contained in the WTO TRIPS Agreement as they might affect climate change regulatory efforts. The TRIPS Agreement rules that are most directly applicable in this context are patents; confidential information, and enforcement of IP rights before...

This paper will analyze differential treatment of developing countries in international law. Differential treatment for developing countries is a core concept for addressing inequalities between developed and developing countries in a broad range of international agreements. Differential...

Measures aimed at addressing climate change raise legal issues regarding the relationship between WTO Law and international environmental law and the relationship between various WTO Agreements. This paper first examines emerging climate change policies that are likely to raise issues in WTO...