by men and by women in Vietnam during the period 2005-2013 and aims to provide explanations for the differences, if any …, labor productivity and employment creation. We found that men led MSMEs did not outperform those led by women on average … sector where women tend to lead medium-size firms with higher value added and labor productivity. The performance disparity …

Though more than 100 countries have adopted gender quotas, the impacts of these reforms on women’s political leadership … party on municipal party groups — to examine quotas’ effect on women’s selection and survival as leaders within their …, but not more likely to support the reelection of women to the post. Extending this analysis, we show that the quota …