argue that low-achieving students may be particularly affected by the lack of educator support during school closures. We … collect detailed time-use information on students before and during the school closures in a survey of 1,099 parents in … Germany. We find that while students on average reduced their daily learning time of 7.4 hours by about half, the reduction …

argue that low-achieving students may be particularly affected by the lack of educator support during school closures. We … collect detailed time-use information on students before and during the school closures in a survey of 1,099 parents in … Germany. We find that while students on average reduced their daily learning time of 7.4 hours by about half, the reduction …

argue that low-achieving students may be particularly affected by the lack of educator support during school closures. We … collect detailed time-use information on students before and during the school closures in a survey of 1,099 parents in … Germany. We find that while students on average reduced their daily learning time of 7.4 hours by about half, the reduction …

to estimate learning losses. It models the effect of school closures on achievement by predicting the deviation of the … greater for students in schools that faced relatively longer closures, boys, immigrants, and disadvantaged students …

to estimate learning losses. It models the effect of school closures on achievement by predicting the deviation of the … greater for students in schools that faced relatively longer closures, boys, immigrants, and disadvantaged students …

This paper estimates the effect of a full year of the COVID-19 pandemic on school performance, focusing on students at … the end of upper secondary school who are about to enter the labour market or start university without having had the …-in-differences models to analyse the performance of two cohorts of students in Italy: a cohort that has never been exposed to the pandemic …