Historical materialism -- Marxism, class and the service industry -- Service labour and value theory -- Retail and the circulation of commodities -- Monopoly capital and the sales effort -- Two stages of production and realisation -- A Marxist analysis of outsourcing -- Cleaning workers and...

This paper discusses the firm-level determinants of international hotels' foreign markets entry choices, contrasting acquisition with management and franchise contracts, based on a resource-dependency perspective and appropriability theory. It points out that brand equity, relatedness of...