Country size matters in determining the effectiveness of domestic and foreign competition on pricing behavior in manufacturing. Removing barriers to entry of new firms reduces markups more in large countries, while removing barriers to imports reduces markups more in small countries

Country size matters in determining the effectiveness of domestic and foreign competition on pricing behavior in manufacturing. Removing barriers to the entry of new firms reduces markups more in large countries, while removing barriers to imports reduces markups more in small countries.Actual...

In this paper we study the zero frequency spectral properties of fractionally cointegrated long memory processes and introduce a new frequency domain principal components estimator of the cointegration space and the factor loading matrix for the long memory factors. We find that for fractionally...