reduction in some countries have not been the accelerator sufficient for the global recovery. The general level of demand is low … demand, as well as the options available for removal of those causes and revitalization of the effects. One of the main … causes of decrease in demand in a long run is the asymmetrical distribution of income which has led to a reduction in …

of temptation and commitment is identified using data on consumption, liquid assets, and housing wealth over the life …-cycle. Our model matches observed portfolio choices and gives rise to a high demand for illiquid housing partially driven by the … need for commitment. Preference for illiquidity has important implications for the consumption response to unexpected …

Due to the use of sports wagering market data as a laboratory to test the Efficient Markets Hypothesis, sports bettors … market efficiency, the notion of the sports bettor as investor should be in doubt. Using betting volume data from online … sportsbooks, bettors are shown to substitute out of baseball betting into football betting when the season starts. The authors …