linkage contributes to the debate on firm- or university-led innovation. Using a large patent dataset from Shenzhen, the first … firms into the university-led innovation clusters in science parks; firm innovation in patent fields like human necessities … units are attracted by firm-type innovators and the size of such attraction. Testing the bidirectional spatial innovation …

. Our evidence, which builds on a database that matches research institutions to a sample of their patent applications …, indicates patent applications to the European Patent Office (EPO) filed by research institutions grew faster than industry … patent applications remains low and their ratio of patents granted to applications is below that of industry. An econometric …

demographic change on innovation, captured on corporate and regional level, this means the relationship between diversity and … innovation variables is examined in a micro-economic and a macro-economic approach. The aim is to summarize and to highlight …

demographic change on innovation, captured on corporate and regional level, this means the relationship between diversity and … innovation variables is examined in a micro-economic and a macro-economic approach. The aim is to summarize and to highlight …

) the quantity and quality of regional knowledge transmission channels are important determinants of regional innovation …