Recent research suggests that the signal (e.g., sign or marker) with a point of purchase promotion will stimulate a significant sales increase, regardless of whether or not that signal is accompanied by a price cut. This paper develops a model of retailer profitability that incorporates this...

Cross-brand pass-through implies that a retailer responds to wholesale promotional support from a target brand by changing the retail prices of competitive brands. Besanko et al. (2005) model a target brand's retail price as a function of its own and other brands' wholesale prices using 780...