can be used in risk measurement and forecasting. Value at risk (VaR) is a widely used measure of financial risk, which … assumptions alone in measuring risk. Cushioning against risk has always created a plethora of complexities and challenges; hence …, this paper attempts to analyse statistical properties of various risk measures in a not normal distribution and provide a …

different risks, but it is hard to measure risk perceptions in a neutral, unbiased way. In a pre-registered experiment with a …A basic function of government is to manage environmental risks. This requires measurement of how the public perceive … nationally representative sample (N = 800), we tested the effects of survey instructions on perceived risk from common …