underdevelopment of transacted-through-market services in China is mainly caused by problems with these three mechanisms and especially … by a lower level of specialized division of labor in the market rather than the fact that China is still at an earlier … development of a diverse and dynamic service sector that will help China optimize its economic structure. …

the EU however, China is the only player that is outside a plurilateral or FTA talks. …

China’s energy-service companies (ESCOs) have developed only modestly despite favorable political and market conditions …. We argue that with sophisticated market institutions still evolving in China, trust-based relations between ESCOs and … relations has serious limitations and is unlikely to lead to large-scale implementation of energy efficiency projects in China …