This article uses a nonparametric model of earnings to measure the returns to education. Under very general smoothness conditions, a nonparametric estimator reveals the true shape of the earnings profiles up to random sampling error. Thus, the nonparametric model should provide better...

Surveys that measure subjective states like happiness or preferences often generate discrete ordinal data. Ordered response models, which are commonly used to analyze such data, suffer from a fundamental identification problem. Their conclusions depend on unjustified assumptions about the...

Surveys that measure subjective states like happiness or preferences often generate discrete ordinal data. Ordered response models, which are commonly used to analyze such data, suffer from a fundamental identification problem. Their conclusions depend on unjustified assumptions about the...