A firm may cut costs by installing more parts than its products require. Each product or application requires a specified number of parts such as inductors, resistors and capacitors. For assembly and maintenance reasons, parts are grouped into subassembly modules. If there are economies of scale...

A price leader must formulate list prices every time he introduces a new product line (fairly frequently in a technologically developing industry). This is not easy. When the company is multi-national, pricing policy becomes further complicated by the issues of centralization versus autonomy of...

Over a finite horizon each national subsidiary of a multi-national company can be forecast to be a net source or sink of funds. Each of these subsidiaries in each year is considered to be the node of a network; funds flow along the directed arcs connecting the nodes. Liquid assets carried by the...

Decision premises, within which plans are made, should be formulated with an eye to the organization that will implement the results. This assertion seems especially relevant for multi-national companies which consist of a headquarters with subsidiaries around the globe. Four archetypes of the...

If the constraint matrix of a linear program has special structure it may be possible to speed computation. Techniques have been developed to take advantage of such special structures as generalized networks, generalized upper bounding, and decomposition. For these matrix structures, it is shown...