The widespread availability of digital technologies has made mandatory price disclosure policies (MPD) a convenient tool for policymakers to increase price transparency and foster competition. The literature has shown that these can increase or decrease prices. We shed light on the circumstances...

Purpose - The advanced technology enables retailers to develop customer profile analysis (CPA) to implement personalized pricing. However, considering the efficiency of developing CPA, the benefit to different retailers of implementing more precise personalized pricing remains unclear. Thus,...

Purpose -The purpose of this article is based on the unit patent license fee model in the closed-loop supply chain. Design/methodology/approach - This paper analyzes the impact of the bundling strategy of the retailer selling new products and remanufactured products on the closed-loop supply...