We analyze a vertical structure with an upstream monopoly and two downstream retailers. Demand is uncertain but each retailer receives an informative private signal about the state of the demand. We construct an incentive compatible and ex ante balanced mechanism which induces the retailers to...

We analyze competition between Internet Service Providers (ISPs) where consumers demand heterogeneous content within two Quality-of-Service (QoS) regimes, Net Neutrality and Paid Prioritization, and show that paid prioritization increases the static efficiency compared to a neutral network. We...

The principle of net neutrality was adopted by the European Union as a regulation promoting equality among all data packets in the Internet. Considering net neutrality from a purely economic viewpoint, however, the general possibility to prioritize data packets would likely lead to a more...

Das Prinzip der Netzneutralität wurde im November 2015 von der Europäischen Union als Verordnung zur Gleichbehandlung aller Datenpakete im Netz verabschiedet. Betrachtet man die Netzneutralität nach rein ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten, zeigt sich, dass die generelle Möglichkeit zur...

Fairtrade certification is intended to improve both the income and living conditions of producers, thereby creating more fairness in international trade. However, theoretical considerations and empirical studies show that this goal is only achieved to a limited extent, at least for coffee:...

Fairtrade-Siegel sollen die Einkommen und Lebensbedingungen von ProduzentInnen erhöhen und so zu mehr Gerechtigkeit im internationalen Handel führen. Ökonomische Überlegungen und empirische Untersuchungen zeigen jedoch, dass dieses Ziel bei Kaffee nur eingeschränkt erreicht wird: Das...

Since June 15, 2017, mobile network operators in the European Economic Area may not impose surcharges for making telephone calls, sending text messages, or using data services in other EEA countries. The regulation was designed to create a digital domestic market without adversely affecting...

Seit dem 15. Juni 2017 dürfen Mobilfunkanbieter im Europäischen Wirtschaftsraum keine Preisaufschläge für im europäischen Ausland geführte Gespräche, verschickte SMS oder die Datennutzung verlangen. Mit dieser Regulierung soll ein digitaler Binnenmarkt ohne Benachteiligung der...

As part of the 2019 frequency allocation process for mobile communications, the Federal Network Agency required network providers to achieve a certain level of mobile network coverage for the population. Cooperation between different network providers was also permitted for the first time,...