European integration has created a constitutional asymmetry between policies promoting market efficiencies and policies promoting social protection and equality. National welfare states are legally and economically constrained by European rules of economic integration, liberalization, and...

The idea of ‘active inclusion’ was embraced by the European Commission in 2008 and supported financially through the European Social Fund, inspiring national and subnational reforms throughout Europe. This article analyses the role played by social partners in its implementation, using three...

The COVID pandemic has demonstrated the weakness of neoliberalism by showing the importance of public services, workers’ need for security, and a heightened awareness of collective interdependence. Economic theory recognises the deficiencies of depending on market forces by accepting certain...

Die Nachfrage nach privaten Wohnbaukrediten ist im ersten Quartal 2024 leicht gestiegen, nachdem sie zuvor eineinhalb Jahre lang stark gefallen war. Für das zweite Quartal 2024 erwarten die befragten österreichischen Banken einen weiteren Anstieg der Nachfrage. Hintergrund der sich andeutenden...