Objectives. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the associations of life satisfaction with family and social relations differ between elderly men and women in Japan. Methods. Ordered logit models were estimated to explain life satisfaction with a rich set of explanatory variables,...

On December 31, 2009, the Government Employees Pension System (GEPS) in the Republic of Korea was faced with a huge pension reform. The objective of the reform was to lessen the financial burden in the future. This paper tries to provide a comprehensive understanding on the 2009 reform,...

This paper considers the economic factors behind major differences that emerged in the extent of development of SMEs in Russia, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan during the transition period. Taking into account problems of the Soviet-type centrally planned economic system as its initial conditions and...

学校や大学を卒業した後の初職が非正規雇用などでBad Start (BS) だった人は、その後の職業遍歴や収入等も劣後する結果、年金受給見込額も低く、Bad Finish (BF)...