The scope of intellectual property rights has been expanded in recent years to cover plant varieties. Plant breeders' rights provide weak protection to private plant breeders in many countries. The US and a few other developed countries provide patent protection to plant varieties as well as to...

This paper describes alternative approaches to the central question of common external tariffs of a Custom Union. Taking off from the work of Kemp and Wan who showed the existence of a common external tariff of CU that deeps the welfare of non-members unchanged while revising that of the CU as...

The paper celebrates John Fei's life and contributions to economics by viewing them in the context of recent theoretical and empirical literature on the economics and politics of growth. It summarizes the lessons from the literature and development experience since the end of the second world...