Abstract Vaccination provides indirect benefits to the unvaccinated. Despite its important policy implications, there is little analytical or empirical work to quantify this externality, nor is it incorporated in a number of cost-benefit studies of vaccine programs. We use a standard...

This paper contributes to the economics literature on nursing market shortages by putting forward two new models that suggest three new explanations for perceived nursing shortages. The first model focuses on hospitals hiring both permanent staff nurses and temporary contract nurses. It shows...

Students sometimes have heart-felt and arguably legitimate complaints about exam grading. This note suggests a strategy for dealing in a serious, judicious, and seemingly fair and responsive way with such complaints. The suggested strategy allows the professor to take such complaints seriously,...

The authors propose a concrete method for including moral concerns in preferences. In their framework, the agent maximizes utility subject to constraints but the utility from consuming a specific commodity bundle varies in a 'lumpy' or 'discontinuous' way with the concurrent moral content of the...

Overall, the issue of whether Europeans are lazy or Americans are crazy seems of second-order importance relative to understanding the determinants of individual behavior. Amore useful, scientific approach is to assume that underlying tastes are common to both continents, while technologies,...

Using time-diary data from 25 countries, we demonstrate that there is a negative relationship between real GDP per capita and the female-male difference in total work time per day—the sum of work for pay and work at home. In rich northern countries on four continents there is no difference—...

Using time-diary data from 27 countries, we demonstrate a negative relationship between real GDP per capita and the female-male difference in total work time—the sum of work for pay and work at home. We also show that in rich non-Catholic countries on four continents men and women do the same...