themselves have evaluated before. -- Subjective performance evaluation ; bias ; social ties ; team size ; favoritism …

supervisor and the worker. We find that not all the supervisors, but at least one third of them bias their report. Both selfish … that guilt aversion plays a role. -- lies ; deception ; self-image ; guilt aversion ; lie-aversion ; evaluation …

altruism sometimes provides a net incentive to report performance truthfully, rather than to bias evaluations upward. The …