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Constraints on the Level and Efficient Use of Labor in Japan

Ono, Hiroshi; Rebick, Marcus - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2003

We examine a number of personnel practices, laws and regulations that lower the supply of labor in the Japanese economy. Broadly speaking, there are two kinds of impediments, those that restrict the movement of labor between firms, and those that discourage women from participating to a greater...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005828729

Cross-State Variation in Medicaid Programs and Female Labor Supply

Montgomery, Edward; Navin, John - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1996

Although the Medicaid program is partially controlled by the federal government, there is considerable latitude in the ability of states to set eligibility requirements and the types of services available to recipients. This research examines the impact of different state Medicaid programs on...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005828875

Changes in the Characteristics of American Youth: Implications for Adult Outcomes

Altonji, Joseph G.; Lange, Fabian; Bharadwaj, Prashant - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

We examine changes in the characteristics of American youth between the late 1970s and the late 1990s, with a focus on characteristics that matter for labor market success. We reweight the NLSY79 to look like the NLSY97 along a number of dimensions that are related to labor market success,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829509

Where the boys aren't: Non-cognitive skills, returns to school and the gender gap in higher education

Jacob, Brian A. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2002

Nearly 60 percent of college students today are women. Using longitudinal data on a nationally representative cohort of eighth grade students in 1988, I examine two potential explanations for the differential attendance rates of men and women -- returns to schooling and non-cognitive skills. The...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829581

Gender Differences in Seeking Challenges: The Role of Institutions

Niederle, Muriel; Yestrumskas, Alexandra H. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

We examine whether women and men of the same ability differ in their decisions to seek challenges. In the laboratory, we create an environment in which we can measure a participants performance level (high or low), where a high performance level participant has on average higher earnings from...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829743

People People: Social Capital and the Labor-Market Outcomes of Underrepresented Groups

Borghans, Lex; ter Weel, Bas; Weinberg, Bruce A. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2006

Despite indications that people skills are important for understanding individual labor-market outcomes and have become more important over the last decades, there is little analysis by economists. This paper shows that people skills are important determinants of labor-market outcomes, including...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829880

Wages, Violence and Health in the Household

Aizer, Anna - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007

Three quarters of all violence against women is perpetrated by domestic partners. I study both the economic causes and consequences of domestic violence. I find that decreases in the male-female wage gap reduce violence against women, consistent with a household bargaining model. The...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829935

Changes in Workplace Segregation in the United States between 1990 and 2000: Evidence from Matched Employer-Employee Data

Hellerstein, Judith K.; Neumark, David; McInerney, Melissa - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007

We present evidence on changes in workplace segregation by education, race, ethnicity, and sex, from 1990 to 2000. The evidence indicates that racial and ethnic segregation at the workplace level remained quite pervasive in 2000. At the same time, there was fairly substantial segregation by...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829948

Long-Term Effects Of The 1959-1961 China Famine: Mainland China and Hong Kong

Edlund, Lena; Li, Hongbin; Zhang, Junsen; Almond, Douglas - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2007

This paper estimates the effects of maternal malnutrition exploiting the 1959-1961 Chinese famine as a natural … experiment. In the 1% sample of the 2000 Chinese Census, we find that fetal exposure to acute maternal malnutrition had …. Women married spouses with less education and later, as did men, if at all. In addition, maternal malnutrition reduced the …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005829989

Why are Racial and Ethnic Wage Gaps Larger for Men than for Women? Exploring the Role of Segregation

Hellerstein, Judith K.; Neumark, David; Troske, Kenneth R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 1999

We examine the possible sources of the larger racial and ethnic wage gaps for men than for women in the U.S. Specifically, using a newly created employer-employee matched data set containing workers in essentially all occupations, industries, and regions, we examine whether these wage...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005830538