The paper analyses the co-ordinating role that markets and organisations are called on to play in determining productivity gains. In fact, the viability of innovation processes cannot be dissociated from the way market structures emerge and evolve. The success (or not) of the introduction of new...

[eng] In the traditional approaches (keyne- sian and monetarist), every break in a pre-existing equilibrium situation is interpreted as an instability problem and accordingly economic policy is conceived as stabilization policy. The underlying idea, in fact, is that there is an equilibrium...

[eng] This paper aims to show important aspects of out of equilibrium processes of change ; in particular the distortion of productive capacity associated with a structural modification and its effects over time. It is stressed that, e.g., a change in the rate of take out is not suf­ficient...

Standard equilibrium economic models focus on interdependencies. In Out of Equilibrium, Amendola and Gaffard develop a theory also dealing with interdependencies, but based on disequilibria, which take the form of feedback mechanisms over time. The way in which these disequilibria interact...

Keynes' theory can be interpreted as dealing with unemployment as a disequilibrium phenomenon in an essentially dynamic context. In this perspective, it is much more important to explain why unemployment changes than to identify a presumed level of equilibrium for this variable. Patinkin, an...