Manufacturing companies have recently been seeking differentiation and profit enhancement through the servitization of products. The service economy, with the increase in its proportion of service sector in the total employment and values added, is also accelerating in the developed countries....

Research on territorial innovation systems has traditionally put a very strong emphasis on intra-economy collaborative linkages as they allow valuable tacit knowledge to flow between co-located firms and institutions. Frequent face-to-face contact between producers and demanding users combined...

This paper searches for roots of current spatial pattern of professional services in location of Soviet-era R&D sector. The Soviet economy sponsored massive R&D oriented mainly on military purposes. Research was carried out in large institutions affiliated with academia or industry. After the...