Institutional barriers to entry were removed to a considerable extent in 1996 in the Dutch retail sector. Three years before that the regulator decided to not take legal actions anymore against entrants violating institutional requirements. In the current analysis we investigate the effects of...

Despite evidence that consumers search across both stores (spatial) and time (temporal), the search literature models search in only one dimension. We develop a model of spatiotemporal search that nests a finite horizon model of spatial search within an infinite horizon model of inter-temporal...

The aim of this paper is to define the significance of different indicators that affect the expected benefit of customers when using loyalty cards in the purchasing process in the retail sector. As the most important indicators that affect expectations while using loyalty cards, the following...

The two-dimensional value chain model has served business theorists for decades. Yet, we know that integrated companies in emerging markets combine many dimensions of service and product to generate customer value. What does CP All teach us about the new "value web" concept? Using a simple...

Introduction: This paper analysis the spatial dynamics of the development of tourism industry in a leading tourism destination in Portugal. Previous studies focused on the spatial dynamics of the tourism industry had shown that, at the very begin, hotels and tourism facilities are located in the...

This paper investigates the determinants of the productivity of independent retail stores in Sweden by focusing on the impact of market size and regional hierarchy while controlling for several store and employee characteristics over time. The analysis utilizes Swedish store-level data for the...

This paper investigates the determinants of the productivity of independent retail stores in Sweden by focusing on the impact of market size and regional hierarchy while controlling for several store and employee characteristics over time. The analysis utilizes Swedish store-level data for the...

Online shopping surged in the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, accelerating the pre-pandemic shift toward increased online consumer activity. This trend fed into concerns over the success of top retailers at the expense of smaller ones. Further, it raised questions of whether consumers...