By focusing on the tacit and explicit characteristics of informal and formal institutional distances, this study investigates the competitive advantage of foreign subsidiary firms from developed countries and emerging markets operating in Latin America. Following recent research on distances in...

part PART I Business ecosystems in China -- chapter 1 Rise of business ecosystems in China -- part PART II Alibaba case -- chapter 2 Alibaba’s ecosystem transformation: strategic change -- chapter 3 Expanding by investing: speeding up the growth of Alibaba’s business ecosystem -- chapter 4...

The paper presents a simple general equilibrium model that formalizes internationalization in the Eclectic Paradigm based on a reconfiguration of concepts taken from the new classical economics literature. The model enables us to address simultaneously the role of ownership, location and...