The Europe 2020 strategy could be seen as the application of public management reforms to the problem of governance of the economies of Europe. It was not simply an economic plan but included strategic goals on employment, R & D, climate change and sustainability, education, poverty and social...

The Framework Law on Finance Acts (Loi Organique sur les Lois de Finance - LOLF) was passed by the French Parliament in 2001 and came into force in January 2006. As budget legislation it refocuses the relationship between rulers and ruled by modifying the connection between the state budget and...

This paper presents the result of a foresight research on the Belgian penal justice system. The purpose and method of this study are discussed and compared with other foresight exercises. This study’s distinctive features are the exploration of three levels (professions, organizations, and...

Both policy implementation and administrative reforms have increasingly come to rely on "instrumental" management methods that fail to treat adequately cognitive biases, bureaucratic ritualism, co-ordination issues and political sensitivities. This paper explores the potential of exploratory,...