In this paper we search for optimal hedging strategy in stock index futures markets. We concentrate on the strategy that minimizes the portfolio risk, i.e., minimum variance hedge ratio (MVHR) estimated from a range of time series models with different assumptions of market volatility. They are...

Companies increasingly communicate about corporate social responsibility (CSR) through interactive online media. We examine whether using such media is beneficial to a company’s reputation. We conducted an online experiment to examine the impacts of interactivity in CSR messages on corporate...

Deviations from the Gompertz law of exponential mortality increases in late-middle and early-old age are commonly neglected in overall mortality analyses. In this study, we examined mortality increase patterns between ages 40 and 85 in 16 low-mortality countries and demonstrated sex differences...

Human mortality patterns are modeled as the loss of an individual’s vitality, a measure of survival capacity, by senescence or when random extrinsic challenges exceed the remaining vitality. The model characterizes the stochastic rate of loss of vitality as a Wiener process and random...

This article offers an overview of the development of dairy cow breeding in China, and analyzes the problems in the development of dairy cow breeding in China as follows: the breeding scale is small; the pasture grass production cannot meet demand; the proportion of fine breed is not high and the...

Purpose: Motivated by managers’ intentions to pursue private interests by engaging in earnings management, this paper aims to investigate whether voting with hands (shareholders cast votes on shareholder proposals) by shareholders acts as an external disciplining mechanism over earnings...