Using data from the 1970 British Cohort Study, we investigate the role of maternal gender role attitudes in explaining …'s later educational outcomes and labour supply. We find that mothers' and children's gender role attitudes, measured some 25 … their mothers held non-traditional (pro-gender-equality) beliefs, even if they were not working themselves. Consistent with …

The existence of gender gaps in test scores has been documented in the relevant literature for a wide range of … countries that take part in the evaluation programme. We find that differences in culture and social norms across countries and … across regions within the same country are crucial determinants in understanding gender differences in PISA 2009 test scores …