Martinez-Matute, Marta; Villanueva, Ernesto - 2020
participate in the International Adult Literacy Study (IALS). We document two main findings. Firstly, individual-fixed effect … to those tasks than in the rest -say, numeracy relative to literacy or problem-solving scores. The estimates are weaker …, a synthetic cohort analysis using repeated literacy assessments in IALS and PIAAC indicates that, among the low …