This White Paper was the first elaboration by the global technology giant of its position on the emerging set of international trade rules to govern the digital economy in fora such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement and the WTO e-commerce negotiations

This chapter is part of a forthcoming edited volume exploring alternative approaches and readings of decisions of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) within their political, economic and legal contexts. This contribution focuses on the Viking judgment of December 2007, which, together with the...

This book chapter offers a comprehensive review of the free trade agreement between China and ASEAN ("ACFTA"), focusing on the rules concerning tariff reduction (including the Early Harvest Programme), trade in services, dispute resolution, as well as the progress on the negotiations on...

EU institutional reforms aimed at enhancing the legitimacy of the EU and dealing more effectively with the complex challenges of globalisation and the risk society, haven't been adequately explained and understood. For large segments of public opinion, technocratic governance by ‘unelected...

The signature of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement during the 10th Extraordinary Summit of the African Union (AU) Assembly of Heads of State and Government held on 21 March 2018, in Kigali, Rwanda, marks a decisive turn in African regional economic integration. After...

Services liberalisation has gradually become very important for growth in developed and less-developed countries alike and can, as such, be seen as development prospects for sub-Saharan Africa where numerous economic integration attempts are stories of repeated failures. Despite the abundant...

Due to legislative and judicial developments, standard-setting has come to the forefront of public debates. Being for a long time considered as a 'no passing zone' for everyone but engineers and technical experts, standard-setting organizations (SSOs) have produced a rowing solid body of...

Trade regulation may never have been in more flux than it is now. Other than the emergence of ‘megaregionals' (such as the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership-TTIP or the Trans-pacific Partnership-TPP) and the difficulties in finalizing the Doha Development Agenda, increased...

The deliberations at the Bali Ministerial Round seem to have broken the stalemate surrounding the food security provisions under the World Trade Organization (WTO) which in turn resulted in a tremendous impact on the ambitious Agreement on Trade Facilitation under the auspices of the...