Discusses German‐born psychologist Kurt Lewin's work in the field of organizational development and change and how he influenced those two. Pinpoints two of his ideas ‐ a force field and change as a three‐point process, and examines these in detail. States there is much still to be...

Wonders whether it is better to drive change from the top, pushing it down into the organization, or should managers be cultivating the emergence of change from the bottom up?; Pinpoints the 8 typical problems with top‐down changes as: change is disorderly; vision or delusion?; different views...

Gives three key messages to give to front‐line employees and these are: communicate only facts; communicate face to face; and target front‐line supervisors. Includes, for effect and information a Figure of ‘Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs’. Recommends the need for commonsense and not to ignore...

Spotlights Alcatel Eléctrica SA (ASESA), the Spanish subsidiary of Alcatel NV, a world leader in telecommunications equipment. Looks in depth at ASEA's beginnings and how it has progressed to the present day with various change plans ‐ some successful and some not ‐ the stakeholder plan...

Proclaims that the hard approach (referred to here as theory E) is the creation of economic value/high returns to shareholders; and that the soft approach (theory O) sees organizations as having many stakeholders, developing employees and their loyalty. Posits that, for organizations to prosper,...