attempts to design influence on multiple parameters of shading, daylighting and ventilation to optimize the use of tropical … effectiveness of the proposed settings. Findings The results suggested that the semi-enclosed courtyard feature with a shading …

criterion in urban design. The dominance of the direct component of the global solar irradiance under clear high sun conditions …

Begonia rex-cultorum ’Marmaduke’ caused by application of paclobutrazol and shading levels. This experiment was arranged in … Split Plot Design consisted of two factors with shading as main plot and paclobutrazol concentration as subplot. The … mainplot consisted of three levels, ie., light shading; moderate shading; and heavy shading. The second factor was …

The energy yield of a photovoltaic (PV) system with fixed free-standing PV arrays is affected also by the self-shading … the row distance on the PV system’s energy yield are evaluated. The estimation of the self-shading losses by the … to shading of the preceding row in a PV system. The model demonstrates that the self-shading energy losses are at …

A simulation of shading effects in arrays with different string configurations has been done. Simulation has been … influence of the amount of shading, the type of reverse characteristic of the cell, the string length and the number of shaded …

interaction between two common shading devices: awnings and external walls to reduce insulation on the facade and inside the house … on the windowpane with optimal relations between these shading devices. …

. The concept is expected to provide architects with a new time duration approach to design efficient solar shading devices … and to estimate solar heat gain and solar illuminance in buildings. …

incorporates a model for shading losses. The proposed methodology has been validated on a one year study with real data from two … electricity estimation. The use of models which account for the reduced performance at low irradiance levels also improves the …